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Mason, Michael “The antecedents of 19th c. Islamic government in Nupe” Int.J.Afr.H.St. 10 (1977) 63-76

Mason, Michael The foundations of the Bida kingdom Zaria: ABU Press 1981

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Nadel, S.F. A black Byzantium: the kingdom of Nupe in Nigeria London 1942 1961

Smith, E.W. “The kingdom of Nupe in Nigeria” Muslim World 33 (1943) 265-272 - review of Nadel A black Byzantium